Meza-Vargas, V., Calegari, B.B., Lujan, N.K., Ballen, G.A., Oyakawa, O.T., Sousa, L.M., Rapp Py-Daniel, L., and R.E. Reis. (2022). A new species of Chaetostoma (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) expands the distribution of rubbernose plecos eastward into the lower Amazon basin of Brazil. Ichthyology & Herpetology, 110(2), 364-377, (29 June 2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2021068
https://www.ichthyologyandherpetology.o ... ds660921lo
ABSTRACT
A new species of the rubbernose pleco genus Chaetostoma is described from the Maicuru and Seiko Rivers, a northern tributary of the lower Amazon River and a tributary of the lower Xingu River, respectively, both in Pará State, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from all congeners, except members of the species group, by having an enlarged second unbranched anal-fin ray with posterior paired dermal flaps. Additionally, the new species is distinguished from its only other currently recognized congeners from rivers draining the Guiana Shield (C. jegui and C. vasquezi) by having a smaller opercle and a supraoccipital excrescence undeveloped, comprising a simple skin area present in juveniles and absent in adults. A revised multi-locus phylogeny for the species of Chaetostoma is presented, and the Chaetostoma anale species group is discussed and rearranged.