Neoplecostomus altimontanus & Neoplecostomus sapucai, new species

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Neoplecostomus altimontanus & Neoplecostomus sapucai, new species

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, new species.

, new species.

Neoplecostomus sapucai was first shown in this dissertation as "Neoplecostomus sp. n. Delfim" (see Fig 22). Although there were several other new species of Neoplecostomus in that dissertation, Neoplecostomus altimontanus was not among them.

Uzeda, P.L.C., Paiola, I., Cesar, P.S., Okubo, V.K.N., Marques-Frisoni, W.J., Andrade, B.N., & F. Langeani. (2024). Two new species of Neoplecostomus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from high altitudes of the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 22(4), e240021.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0021
https://www.scielo.br/j/ni/a/vM8QLMkdMfRdcS3KGvrMyph/
Abstract
Two new species of Neoplecostomus are described from the headwaters of the rio Sapucaí drainage, affluent of the rio Grande in upper rio Paraná basin. The new species are most similar to each other, and can be diagnosed from congeners by having the exposed area of the first plates of mid-ventral and ventral series narrower than the naked area surrounding each plate; different tooth morphologies and numbers in males and females; arrangement of odontodes on caudal-peduncle plates; size of adipose fin and cranial osteological character states. Both new species are endemic to Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern Brazil. Some comments are made on their intraspecific variation, genetics, and conservation.
Keywords: Armored catfish; Headwaters; Ichthyofauna; Serra da Mantiqueira; Sexual dimorphism
Resumo
Duas novas espécies de Neoplecostomus são descritas de cabeceiras da drenagem do rio Sapucaí, afluente do rio Grande no alto rio Paraná. As novas espécies são as mais similares entre si, e podem ser diagnosticadas das demais congêneres por terem a área exposta das primeiras placas das séries médio-ventral e ventral mais estreitas que as áreas nuas circundando cada placa; dentes com morfologias e quantidades diferentes em machos e fêmeas; arranjo dos odontódeos nas placas do pedúnculo caudal; tamanho da nadadeira adiposa e caracteres osteológicos craniais. Ambas são endêmicas da Serra da Mantiqueira, no sudeste brasileiro. Alguns comentários são feitos sobre suas variações intraespecíficas, genética e conservação.
Palavras chave: Cascudo; Dimorfismo sexual; Ictiofauna; Riachos; Serra da Mantiqueira
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