Article © Julian Dignall, uploaded June 01, 2000.

Forced to name a fish that I thought the most hardy, indestructible catfish I have encountered, then this month's featured cat would be it. They are incredibly adaptable and resilient in conditions in which virtually all other fish would perish.

There are two intermingled reasons for this hardiness. The first is that this fish can breathe air - literally. Notice its relatively underdeveloped gills? Well, this is because the fish has evolved a method of utilizing air "breathed" from the surface. In fact, so ineffective are its gills that many report these fish will soon die if unable to reach the water surface of the aquarium.

The second reason provides the fish with its common name. Should water conditions get really bad then it leaves! Walking catfish can leave water behind and go on a cross-country expedition! Providing the land is relatively damp and the fish doesn't dry out these catfish can roam the land searching for better places to swim. During these excursions the fishes gills clamp shut both to protect their delicate membranes from drying out and to minimize water loss. Additional pores produce mucus around the body of the fish which also aids in the battle to stay wet.

Needless to say this fascinating behavior is all very good in the wild, but make sure you have a tight fitting lid on your aquarium. These fish are real escape artists and if you don't take precautions, they are likely to leave your living room aquarium and go walk-about carpet-side.

This fish is also found as an "illegal alien" in a number of places where it shouldn't be. Florida and Hawaii are two good examples. Because of the fishes fairly large size and certainly its enormous appetite and growth rate, they can become unwanted pets very quickly. In error many, usually inexperienced, aquarists feel that the "best thing to do" is to release this fish into the wild. This is a terrible mistake. Harsh as it may seem, given no other feasible course of action, unwanted tropical fish should always be humanely destroyed. Unleashed, these "aliens" are capable of wiping out entire populations of local fish who have never seen a predator the likes of the walking catfish. The risk of and actual damage caused by such introductions has driven many governments to ban the import of these fish. This sadly necessary action deprives many responsible aquarists of keeping fish that are both interesting and rewarding.

The picture above shows the mottled or marbled colour variety. More commonly available is an all pinky/white form. From time to time you also see the "orginal" brown with white belly wild form. If you live in a part of the world where they are available for sale, the common walking catfish is worth a look for that boisterous "big-fish" tank.

Copyright information for the images used in this article can be found on the species' full Cat-eLog page.

Cat-eLog Data Sheet
Scientific Name	Clarias batrachus  (Linnaeus, 1758)
Common Names	Common Walking Catfish Clarias Catfish, Albino Walking Catfish, Piebald Walking Catfish, Vandremalle (Denmark)
Type Locality	Java, vicinity of Bandung, Indonesia.
Synonym(s)	Clarias betrachus, Clarias punctatus, Clarius bartrachus, Clarius batrachus, Silurus batrachus
Pronunciation	klar ee ass - bat rah chus
Etymology	Clarias: From the Greek chlaros, meaning lively; in reference to the ability of the fish to live for long periods out of water.
Articles	- Shane's World Reproduction Successful spawning of the wonderful WanderWels, Clarias batrachus - Shane's World Reproduction Triggering reproduction with the Walking Catfish (Clarias batrachus)
Species Information
Size	470mm or 18.5" SL. Find near, nearer or same sized spp.
Identification	Clarias species are characterized by having an elongated body; a soft rayed dorsal fin extending to, or nearly to, the caudal fin base; a soft rayed anal fin extending from just behind the anus to the caudal fin base; pectoral fins each with a serrated anterior bony spine; head depressed, covered largely by firmly sutured, surface sculptured bony plates forming a protective helmet; four pairs of flagellate barbels (nasals, maxillaries, inner and outer mandibulars); air breathing organs derived from the 2nd and 4th epibranchials within a superbranchial chamber. Shown above are the mottled or marbled colour variety and also the more commonly available pinky-white form. From time to time you also see the ''original'' brown with white belly wild form.
Sexing	Mature males have small spots along the dorsal fin; it is not known if this also applies to the albino colour variant.
Habitat Information
Distribution	Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya basins, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Reported from Sri Lanka; popular for aquaculture in its native range but not regarded as such in other Southeast Asian countries. Trade restricted in Germany (Anl.3 BArtSchV). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. Sri Lanka Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Indian waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Myanmar Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Thailand Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Bangladesh Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Indonesian Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Pacific, Malaysia Waters (click on these areas to find other species found there) Login to view the map.
IUCN Red List Category	Least Concern , range map and more is available on the IUCN species page. Last assessed 2019.
pH	5.6 - 8.0
Temperature	20.0-26.0°C or 68-78.8°F (Show species within this range)
Other Parameters	Unimportant, the fish will prosper in a wide range of PH and water hardness.
Husbandry Information
Feeding	Anything; this fish is totally omnivorous and will gorge itself on most offerings. User data.
Furniture	Very well rooted plants and large structures that provide some shade. Appropriately sized clay pipes seem to provide a readily accepted, if less cosmetically pleasing, hideaway for these fish.
Compatibility	Keep with large robust fish; anything small enough will be eaten. These should be fast growing or introduced as semi-adults. The walking catfish grows very fast indeed and although purchased at a ''safe'' size for it's co-inhabitants, this ratio will rapidly change to the danger of the smaller fishes.
Suggested Tankmates	Large Cyprinids (Silver Sharks, Tinfoil or Spanner Barbs for example) or Central American Cichlids.
Breeding	See Shane's World article.
Breeding Reports	There is but a single breeding report, read it here.
Further Information
Reference	Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1, pp 305.
Registered Keepers	There are 53 registered keepers, view all "my cats" data.
Wishlists	Love this species? Click the heart to add it to your wish list. There are 4 wishes to keep this species, see who wants what.
Spotters	Spotted this species somewhere? Click the binoculars! There are 8 records of this fish being seen, view them all.
Forum BBCode
	Search for C. batrachus
	Look up C. batrachus on AquaticRepublic.com
	Look up C. batrachus on Fishbase
	Look up C. batrachus on Encyclopedia of Life
	Look up C. batrachus on Global Biodiversity Information Facility
	LFS label creator ARN ref:1.6.8.90
Last Update	2020 Oct 24 04:48 (species record created: 2000 Jun 01 11:22)

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